UPSC Prelims 2015— Question 76

Correct answer: Option C. BirdLife International is a global partnership of conservation organizations working to conserve birds and their habitats. It is closely associated with the identification and conservation of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas. The concept of biodiversity hotspots is associated with conservation biogeography and Norman Myers, not with BirdLife International. Thus statements 1 and 3 are correct. Option-wise analysis: Option A: “1 only” is incorrect. It does not match the specific fact, definition, institutional role, geographical association, or constitutional/economic principle required here. The key distinction is the one identified in the core explanation, so this option can be eliminated. Option B: “2 and 3 only” is incorrect. It does not match the specific fact, definition, institutional role, geographical association, or constitutional/economic principle required here. The key distinction is the one identified in the core explanation, so this option can be eliminated. Option C: “1 and 3 only” is correct. It directly matches the factual or conceptual requirement tested by the question and is supported by the principle explained above. Option D: “1, 2 and 3” is incorrect. It does not match the specific fact, definition, institutional role, geographical association, or constitutional/economic principle required here. The key distinction is the one identified in the core explanation, so this option can be eliminated. Prelims takeaway: Focus on the precise institutional role, constitutional provision, geographical association, or technical definition being tested. UPSC questions often place a broadly familiar fact beside a narrowly incorrect qualifier; identifying that qualifier is essential for elimination.