UPSC Prelims 2021— Question 73

Hedgehogs and pangolins can roll or curl their bodies to protect vulnerable surfaces from predators. Marmots do not use this characteristic rolling-up defence. Pangolins are especially well known for curling into a tight ball with their keratin scales facing outward. Thus statements 1 and 3 are correct. The final answer-key position for Set C identifies option D as the correct option. Option A — 1 and 2 — is not correct because it does not satisfy the specific condition tested in the question; it represents an alternative that is contradicted, incomplete, or less precise than the accepted answer. Option B — 2 only — is not correct because it does not satisfy the specific condition tested in the question; it represents an alternative that is contradicted, incomplete, or less precise than the accepted answer. Option C — 3 only — is not correct because it does not satisfy the specific condition tested in the question; it represents an alternative that is contradicted, incomplete, or less precise than the accepted answer. Option D — 1 and 3 — is correct because it is the alternative that matches the constitutional, historical, geographical, scientific or economic principle established above. For PYQ interpretation, the distinction between the correct alternative and merely related facts is important. UPSC often places plausible distractors beside the precise statement that matches the underlying rule, chronology, definition or empirical relationship. The answer should therefore be read against the exact wording of the question rather than against a broadly related fact.